NamakuGhalib

• Adverbial clause adalah dependent clause yang berfungsi sebagai adverb (kata keterangan) dan memberikan informasi tentang verb, adjective, atau adverb yang berada pada independent clause dengan kapasitasnya menjawab pertanyaan: how, when, where, why, atau to what degree.

• Gabungan klausa ini dengan independent clause dinamakan dengan complex sentence (kalimat kompleks), yaitu kalimat yang terdiri dariindependent dan satu atau lebih dependent clause.

• Adverbial clause dimulai dengan suatu kata yang disebut subordinate conjunction (when, after, because, though, etc). Kata ini berguna untuk menjembatani hubungan dengan independent clause yang diterangkan.

• Macam-macam klausa ini antara lain: adverbial clause of time (waktu), place (tempat), cause & effect(sebab & akibat), purpose & result (tujuan & hasil),condition (pengandaian), contrast/consession (pertentangan), manner (cara), dan reason (alasan).

Contoh Adverbial Clause:

Complex Sentence	Keterangan
When he cleaned the kitchen, he found a lot of expired food. (Dia membersihkan dapur ketika dia menemukan banyak makanan kadaluarsa.)	When= subordinate conjunction; When he cleaned the kitchen= adverbial clause; he found a lot of expired food= independent clause

Rumus Adverbial Clause

Rumus complex sentence dan adverbial clause adalah sebagai berikut :
Complex Sentence:

[Subject (+be/verb)] ≈ Independent Clause + Adverbial Clause

Adverbial Clause:

Subordinate Conjunction + S +V

Punctuation (Tanda Baca) pada Adverbial Clause

Adverbial clause dapat berada di awal kalimat, kemudian diikuti oleh independent clause. Sebaliknya, independent clause dapat berada di awal kalimat, kemudian diikuti oleh adverbial clause. Jika berada di awal, diujung klausa ini diberi tanda baca koma.
Contoh Complex Sentence:

• Di awal: Because I had free time, I visited your house.
  
• Di akhir: I visited your house because I had free time. (Saya rumahmu karena saya punya waktu luang.)
  

Fungsi Adverbial Clause

Fungsi dan contoh klausa kata keterangan ini dalam kalimat adalah sebagai berikut :

Fungsi	Contoh Adverbial Clause dalam Kalimat	Keterangan
memberikan informasi tentangverb	You were sleeping when she arrived. (Dia tiba ketika kamu sedang tertidur.)	verb= were sleeping; subordinate conjunction= when; adverbial clause= when she arrived
memberikan informasi tentangadjective	Her face is fresh because she always does exercise and eats fruits. (Wajahnya segar karena dia selalu berolahraga dan makan buah-buahan.)	adjective= fresh; subordinate conjunction= because; adverbial clause= because she always does exercise and eats fruits
memberikan informasi tentangadverb	He drove fast in order that he could arrive on time. (Dia mengemudi dengan cepat agar dia dapat tiba tepat waktu.)	adverb= fast; subordinate conjunction= in order that; adverbial clause= in order that he could arrive on time

Macam dan Contoh Adverbial Clause dalam Kalimat

Macam-macam Adverbial clause, conjunction yang digunakan, serta contoh kalimatnya dapat dilihat pada tabel sebagai berikut.

Tipe Adverbial Clause	Conjunction	Contoh Adverbial Clause dalam Kalimat
Time (waktu)	after, as, as long as, as soon as, at last, before, by the time, during, everytime, no, once, since, then, till, until, when, whenever, while	After I changed the APN name, I unpluged my modem and waited for 5 minutes. (Setelah saya merubah nama APN, saya mencabut modem dan menunggu selama 5 menit.)
		He was cleaning the kitchen when he found so much expired food. (Dia sedang membersihkan dapur ketika dia menemukan begitu banyak makanan kadaluarsa.)
		While I was studying in my room, I didn’t let someone else to disturb. (Ketika saya sedang belajar di ruangan, saya tidak membiarkan orang lain mengganggu.)
Place (tempat)	anywhere, everywhere, now where, where, wherever	I will visit a city where my old friend lives now. (Saya akan mengunjungi kota dimana teman lama saya tinggal sekarang.)
Contrast (pertentangan)	although, as the time, but, even if, even though, on the other hand, still, though, whereas, while, yet	Although many friends confronted her ambition, Yulia went forward such a tank. (Meskipun banyak teman menentang ambisinya, Yulia maju terus seperti tank)
		Though I’m annoyed, I try to think positively. (Meskipun saya jengkel, saya mencoba untuk berpikir positif.)
Cause & Effect (Sebab Akibat)	as, as long as, because, due to the fact that, how, inasmuch as, since, so..that, such..that, that	Because she had free time during last holiday, she rearranged her house. (Karena dia punya waktu luang selama liburan lalu, dia menata ulang rumahnya.)
Reason (tujuan)	in case, in order that, in the hope that, least, so that, to the end that	The woman cooks by herself in order that her family gets the best nutrition. (Wanita itu memasak sendiri dengan tujuan keluarganya mendapatkan gizi terbaik.)
		Rian drove fast so that he could arrived on time. (Rian mengemudi dengan cepat agar dia dapat tiba tepat waktu.)
Condition (syarat)	as long as/in so far as, even if, if, if..not, in case (that), in the event that, on condition that, only if, otherwise, provided/providing (that), suppose/supposing that, unless, whether or not	I’ll come to the party only if you accompany me. (Saya akan datang ke pesta hanya jika kamu menemani.)
		As long as you follow the traffic regulation, you won’t be ticketed. (Jika kamu menikuti peraturan lalu lintas, kamu tidak akan ditilang.)
		Unless the TV viewers gave her donations, she would not be able to buy gold, rice field, and house . (Jika pemirsa TV tidak memberikan dia sumbangan, dia tidak akan dapat membeli emas, sawah, dan rumah.)
		Do not forget to bring your boots, otherwise your feets will probably blister. (Jangan lupa untuk membawa sepatu bot-mu, jika tidak kakimu mungkin akan lecet.)
Manner (cara)	as, how, in that, the way	I wonder how I learn grammar uneffectively for almost fifteen years. (Saya membayangkan bagaimana saya mempelajari grammar dengan tidak efektif selama hampir lima belas tahun.)
		We sometimes do not realize the way God help us. (Kita kadang tidak menyadari cara Tuhan menolong kita.)

• Because of the cold weather, we stayed home. (=We stayed home because of the cold weather)
• Due to the cold weather, we stayed home. (=We stayed home due to the cold weather)
• Due to the fact that the weather was cold, we stayed home. (=We stayed home due to the fact that the weather was cold)

• Because he was sleepy, he went to bed.
• Since he's not interested in classical music, he decided not to go to the concert.
• Inasmuch as the two government leaders could not reach an agreement, the possibilities for peace are still remote.

• Alex failed the test because he didn't study.
• Alex didn't study. Therefore, he failed the test.
• Alex didn't study. Consequently, he failed the test.

• While I was sitting in class, I fell asleep ->While sitting in class, I fell asleep.
• While Ann was sitting in class, she fell asleep -> While sitting in class, Ann fell asleep.
• Since Mary came to this country, she has made many friends ->Since coming to this country, Mary has made many friends.

• While the teacher was lecturing to the class, I fell asleep.
• While we were walking home, a frog hopped across the road in front of us.